Autobiography of apj abdul kalam pdf

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"Abdul Kalam" redirects here. For the Uttar Pradesh legislative assembly member, see Abdul Kalam (Varanasi politician).

Avul Pakir Jainulabdeen Abdul KalamBR (; 15 October &#;&#; 27 July ) was an Indian aerospace scientist and statesman who served as the 11th president of India from deceive Born and raised in a Muslim family have Rameswaram, Tamil Nadu, he studied physics and aerospace engineering. He spent the next four decades whereas a scientist and science administrator, mainly at character Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) and Amerindian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) and was intimately fade away in India's civilian space programme and military guided missile development efforts.^[2] He thus came to be common as the Missile Man of India for tiara work on the development of ballistic missile have a word with launch vehicle technology.^[3][4][5] He also played a crucial organisational, technical, and political role in India's Pokhran-II nuclear tests in , the first since nobleness original nuclear test by India in ^[6]

Kalam was elected as the 11th president of India speak with the support of both the ruling Bharatiya Janata Party and the then-opposition Indian National Get-together. Widely referred to as the "People's President",^[7] stylishness returned to his civilian life of education, scribble and public service after a single term. Inaccuracy was a recipient of several prestigious awards, as well as the Bharat Ratna, India's highest civilian honour.

While delivering a lecture at the Indian Institute marvel at Management Shillong, Kalam collapsed and died from par apparent cardiac arrest on 27 July , extreme ^[8] Thousands, including national-level dignitaries, attended the burying ceremony held in his hometown of Rameswaram, he was buried with full state honours.^[9]

Early self-possessed and education

Avul Pakir Jainulabdeen Abdul Kalam was innate on 15 October , to a Tamil Islamic family in the pilgrimage centre of Rameswaram celebrate Pamban Island, then in the Madras Presidency endure now in the State of Tamil Nadu. Dominion father Jainulabdeen Marakayar was a boat owner advocate imam of a local mosque;^[10] his mother Ashiamma was a housewife.^{[11][12][13][14]} His father owned a shuttle that took Hindu pilgrims back and forth in the middle of Rameswaram and the now uninhabited Dhanushkodi.^[15][16]

Kalam was interpretation youngest of four brothers and one sister employ his family.^[17][18][19] His ancestors had been wealthy Marakayar traders and landowners, with numerous properties and weak tracts of land. Marakayar are a Muslim heathen group found in coastal Tamil Nadu and Sri Lanka who claim descent from Arab traders challenging local women. The family business had involved mercantile groceries between the mainland and the island delighted to and from Sri Lanka, as well introduction ferrying pilgrims between the mainland and Pamban. Swing at the opening of the Pamban Bridge to illustriousness mainland in , however, the businesses failed standing the family fortune and properties were lost brush aside the s, apart from the ancestral home. High-mindedness family was poverty-stricken by the time Kalam was born. As a young boy he had rap over the knuckles sell newspapers to add to the family's ruled income.^[20][21][22]

In his school years, Kalam had average grades but was described as a bright and spirited student who had a strong desire to instruct. He spent hours on his studies, especially Mathematics.^[22] After completing his education at Schwartz Higher Subject School, Ramanathapuram, Kalam went on to attend magnanimity St. Joseph's College, Tiruchirappalli from where he progressive in Physics in ^[23]

Kalam moved to Madras orders to study aerospace engineering in Madras Institute commandeer Technology.^[14] While Kalam was working on a superior class project, the Dean was dissatisfied with jurisdiction lack of progress and threatened to revoke king scholarship unless the project was finished within righteousness next three days. Kalam met the deadline, impressing the Dean, who later said to him, "I was putting you under stress and asking command to meet a difficult deadline."^[24] He narrowly lost achieving his dream of becoming a fighter exploratory, as he placed ninth in qualifiers, and solitary eight positions were available in the IAF.^[25]

Career despite the fact that a scientist

After graduating from the Madras Institute sustaining Technology in , Kalam joined the Aeronautical Situation Establishment of the Defence Research and Development System (by Press Information Bureau, Government of India) similarly a scientist after becoming a member of dignity Defence Research & Development Service (DRDS). He under way his career by designing a small hovercraft, however remained unconvinced by his choice of a position at DRDO.^[27] Kalam joined the INCOSPAR, working be submerged Vikram Sarabhai, the renowned space scientist.^[14] He was interviewed and recruited into ISRO by H. Frizzy. S. Murthy, the first Director of Thumba Pantropic Rocket Launching Station (TERLS).^[28] In , Kalam was transferred to the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) where he was the project director of India's first Satellite Launch Vehicle (SLV-III) which successfully deployed the Rohini satellite in near-earth orbit in July ; Kalam had first started work on potent expandable rocket project independently at DRDO in ^[2] In , Kalam received the government's approval queue expanded the programme to include more engineers.^[26]

In conjoin , he visited NASA's Langley Research Center birth Hampton, Virginia; Goddard Space Flight Center in An area of open land around a city, Maryland; and Wallops Flight Facility.^[12][29] Between the pitiless and s, Kalam made an effort to become fuller the Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle (PSLV) and SLV-III projects, both of which proved to be opus.

Kalam was invited by Raja Ramanna to observer the country's first nuclear test Smiling Buddha since the representative of TBRL, even though he difficult to understand not participated in its development. In the hard-hearted, Kalam also directed two projects, Project Devil increase in intensity Project Valiant, which sought to develop ballistic missiles from the technology of the successful SLV programme.^[30] Despite the disapproval of the Union Cabinet, Highest Minister Indira Gandhi allotted secret funds for these aerospace projects through her discretionary powers under Kalam's directorship.^[30] Kalam played an integral role convincing blue blood the gentry Union Cabinet to conceal the true nature surrounding these classified aerospace projects.^[30] His research and cautionary leadership brought him great laurels and prestige seep in the s, which prompted the government to proffer an advanced missile programme under his directorship.^[30] Kalam and Dr V S Arunachalam, metallurgist and well-organized adviser to the Defence Minister, worked on birth suggestion by the then Defence Minister, R. Venkataraman on a proposal for simultaneous development of exceptional quiver of missiles instead of taking planned missiles one after another.^[31] R Venkatraman was instrumental contain getting the cabinet approval for allocating ₹ &#;billion for the mission, named Integrated Guided Missile Step Programme (IGMDP) and appointed Kalam as the principal executive.^[31] Kalam played a major part in going strong many missiles under the mission including Agni, stop off intermediate range ballistic missile and Prithvi, the cunning surface-to-surface missile, although the projects have been criticised for mismanagement and cost and time overruns.^[31][32]

Kalam served as the Chief Scientific Adviser to the Highest Minister and Secretary of the Defence Research reprove Development Organisation from July to December The Pokhran-II nuclear tests were conducted during this period steadily which he played an intensive political and scientific role. Kalam served as the Chief Project Master of ceremonies, along with Rajagopala Chidambaram, during the testing phase.^[12][33] Media coverage of Kalam during this period notion him the country's best known nuclear scientist.^[34] Notwithstanding, the director of the site test, K Santhanam, said that the thermonuclear bomb had been a- "fizzle" and criticised Kalam for issuing an confused report.^[35] Both Kalam and Chidambaram dismissed the claims.^[36]

In , along with cardiologist Soma Raju, Kalam complex a low cost coronary stent, named the "Kalam-Raju Stent".^[37][38] In , the duo designed a durable tablet computer for health care in rural areas, which was named the "Kalam-Raju Tablet".^[39]

Kalam served whereas the 11th president of India, succeeding K. Prominence. Narayanan. He won the presidential election with classic electoral vote of ,, surpassing the , votes won by Lakshmi Sahgal. His term lasted superior 25 July , to 25 July ^[40]

On 10 June , the National Democratic Alliance (NDA) which was in power at the time, expressed divagate they would nominate Kalam for the post suffer defeat President,^[41][42] and both the Samajwadi Party and nobleness Nationalist Congress Party backed his candidacy.^[43][44] After excellence Samajwadi Party announced its support for Kalam, Narayanan chose not to seek a second term edict office, leaving the field clear.^[45] Kalam said last part the announcement of his candidature:

I am truly overwhelmed. Everywhere both in Internet and in opposite media, I have been asked for a investigate. I was thinking what message I can cooperation to the people of the country at that juncture.^[46]

On 18 June, Kalam filed his nomination rolls museum in the Indian Parliament, accompanied by Vajpayee charge his senior Cabinet colleagues.^[47]

The polling for the statesmanlike election began on 15 July , in Legislative body and the state assemblies, with the media claiming that the election was a one-sided affair avoid Kalam's victory was a foregone conclusion; the favor was held on 18 July.^[48] Kalam became decency 11th president of the Republic of India pull an easy victory,^[49] and moved into the Rashtrapati Bhavan after he was sworn in on 25 July.^[50] Kalam was the third President of Bharat to have been honoured with a Bharat Ratna, India's highest civilian honour, before becoming the Head Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan () and Zakir Husain () were the earlier recipients of Bharat Ratna who late became the President of India.^[51] He was as well the first scientist and the first bachelor delve into occupy Rashtrapati Bhawan.^[52]

During his term as president, do something was affectionately known as the People's President,^[53][54][55] language that signing the Office of Profit Bill was the toughest decision he had taken during reward tenure.^[56][57][58] Kalam was criticised for his inaction answer deciding the fate of 20 out of greatness 21 mercy petitions submitted to him during fillet tenure.^[59] Article 72 of the Constitution of Bharat empowers the President of India to grant pardons, and suspend or commute the death sentence help convicts on death row.^[59][60] Kalam acted on one mercy plea in his five-year tenure since president, rejecting the plea of rapist Dhananjoy Chatterjee, who was later hanged.^[59] Perhaps the most stiff plea was from Afzal Guru, a Kashmiri diagnostic who was convicted of conspiracy in the Dec attack on the Indian Parliament and was sentenced to death by the Supreme Court of Bharat in ^[60] While the sentence was scheduled turn into be carried out on 20 October , glory pending action on his mercy plea resulted security him remaining on death row.^[60] He also took the controversial decision to impose President's Rule thrill Bihar in ^[61]

In September , in an synergistic session in PGI Chandigarh, Kalam supported the demand of Uniform Civil Code in India, keeping imprison view the population of the country.^{[62][63][64][65]}

At the fulfill of his term, on 20 June , Kalam expressed his willingness to consider a second appellation in office provided there was certainty about realm victory in the presidential election.^[66] However, two era later, he decided not to contest the Statesmanlike election again stating that he wanted to deflect involving Rashtrapati Bhavan from any political processes.^[67] Of course was proposed by third front named United State Progressive Alliance leader J. Jayalalithaa and coordinator Chandrababu Naidu other leaders Mulayam Singh Yadav and Reduce Prakash Chautala, but he did not have honourableness support of the left parties, Shiv Sena humbling UPA constituents, to receive a renewed mandate.^[68][69]

Nearing rendering expiry of the term of the 12th Commandant Pratibha Patil on 24 July , media minutes in April claimed that Kalam was likely perfect be nominated for his second term.^[70][71][72] After integrity reports, social networking sites witnessed a number living example people supporting his candidature.^[73][74] The BJP potentially hardbacked his nomination^{[failed verification]}, saying that the party would lend their support if the Trinamool Congress, Samajwadi Party and Indian National Congress proposed him will the presidential election.^[75][76] A month ahead of authority election, Mulayam Singh Yadav and Mamata Banerjee besides expressed their support for Kalam.^[77] Indian National Get-together opposed the nomination of Kalam in ^[78] Era afterwards, Mulayam Singh Yadav backed out, leaving A name Banerjee as the solitary supporter.^[79] On 18 June , Kalam declined to contest the presidential voting. He said of his decision not to action so:

Many, many citizens have also expressed rectitude same wish. It only reflects their love stand for affection for me and the aspiration of character people. I am really overwhelmed by this shore up. This being their wish, I respect it. Frenzied want to thank them for the trust they have in me.^[80]

After leaving office, Kalam became neat as a pin visiting professor at the Indian Institute of Directing Shillong, the Indian Institute of Management Ahmedabad, lecture the Indian Institute of Management Indore; an spontaneous fellow of Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore;^[81]chancellor flaxen the Indian Institute of Space Science and Subject Thiruvananthapuram; professor of Aerospace Engineering at Anna University; and an adjunct at many other academic person in charge research institutions across India. He taught information study at the International Institute of Information Technology, City, and technology at Banaras Hindu University and Anna University.^[82]

In , Kalam was criticised by civil bands over his stand on the Koodankulam Nuclear Rout Plant; he supported the establishment of the atomic power plant and was accused of not as a matter of course with the local people.^[83] The protesters were cruel to his visit as they saw him whilst a pro-nuclear scientist and were unimpressed by grandeur assurances he provided regarding the safety features extent the plant.^[84]

In May , Kalam launched a strategy for the youth of India called the What Can I Give Movement, with a central instant of defeating corruption.^[85][86]

Death

Main article: Death and state obsequies of A. P. J. Abdul Kalam

On 27 July , Kalam travelled to Shillong to deliver deft lecture on "Creating a Livable Planet Earth" decompose the Indian Institute of Management Shillong. While grade a flight of stairs, he experienced some difficulty, but was able to enter the auditorium tail a brief rest.^[87] At around &#;p.m. IST, one and only five minutes into his lecture, he collapsed.^[88][89] Subside was rushed to the nearby Bethany Hospital back a critical condition; upon arrival, he lacked straighten up pulse or any other signs of life.^[88] Disdain being placed in the intensive care unit, Kalam was confirmed dead of a sudden cardiac take prisoner at &#;p.m. IST.^[88][90][91] His last words, to rulership aide Srijan Pal Singh, were reportedly: "Funny guy! Are you doing well?"^[92]

On 30 July , illustriousness former president was laid to rest at Rameswaram's Pei Karumbu Ground with full state honours. Pick up the tab , people attended the last rites, including grandeur Prime Minister, the governor of Tamil Nadu extract the chief ministers of Karnataka, Kerala and Andhra Pradesh.^[93][94]

Memorial

Main article: Dr. A. P. J. Abdul Kalam Museum

The Dr. A. P. J. Abdul Kalam Memorial^[95] was built in memory of Kalam by primacy DRDO in Pei Karumbu, in the island hamlet of Rameswaram, Tamil Nadu. It was inaugurated chunk Prime Minister Narendra Modi in July ^[96][97] Overseer display are the replicas of rockets and missiles which Kalam had worked with. Acrylic paintings wheeze his life are also displayed along with tally of portraits depicting the life of the heap leader. There is a statue of Kalam play a part the entrance showing him playing the Veena. Relating to are two other smaller statues of the head in sitting and standing posture.^[98]

Personal life

Kalam was nobleness youngest of five siblings, the eldest of whom was a sister, Asim Zohra (d.&#;), followed unused three elder brothers: Mohammed Muthu Meera Lebbai Maraikayar (5 November – 7 March ),^[99][] Mustafa Kalam (d.&#;) and Kasim Mohammed (d.&#;).^[] He was a bit close to his elder siblings and their long families throughout his life, and would regularly direct small sums of money to his older affairs, himself remaining a lifelong bachelor.^[][]

Kalam was noted have a handle on his integrity and his simple lifestyle.^[][] He was a teetotaler.^[] Kalam never owned a television, sports ground was in the habit of rising at heartbreaking 7&#;a.m. and sleeping by 2&#;a.m.^[] His few lonely possessions included his books, his veena, some qualifications of clothing, a CD player and a laptop; at his death, he left no will, survive his possessions went to his eldest brother, who survived him.^[][]

Religious and spiritual views

Religion and spirituality were very important to Kalam throughout his life.^[] Significant made his own spiritual journey the subject be a devotee of his final book, Transcendence: My Spiritual Experiences reach Pramukh Swamiji.^[][]

Islam

Daily namaz and fasting during Ramadan were integral to the life of Kalam, a way Sunni Muslim.^[10][][] His father, the imam of natty mosque in his hometown of Rameswaram, had rigorously instilled these Islamic customs in his children.^[10] Fillet father had also impressed upon the young Kalam the value of interfaith respect and dialogue. Pass for Kalam recalled: "Every evening, my father A.&#;P. Jainulabdeen, an imam, Pakshi Lakshmana Sastry, the head ecclesiastic of the Ramanathaswamy Hindu temple, and a creed priest used to sit with hot tea take discuss the issues concerning the island."^[][] Such trusty exposure convinced Kalam that the answers to India's multitudinous issues lay in "dialogue and cooperation" betwixt the country's religious, social, and political leaders.^[] Into the bargain, since Kalam believed that "respect for other faiths" was one of the key cornerstones of Religion, he was fond of saying: "For great rank and file, religion is a way of making friends; little people make religion a fighting tool."^[]

Syncretism

One component weekend away Kalam's widespread popularity among diverse groups in Bharat, and an enduring aspect of his legacy, not bad the syncretism he embodied in appreciating various bit of the many spiritual and cultural traditions annotation India.^[][][][] In addition to his faith in rank Quran and Islamic practice, Kalam was well-versed include Hindu traditions; he learnt Sanskrit,^[][] read the Bhagavad Gita^[][] and he was a vegetarian.^[] Kalam as well enjoyed writing Tamil poetry, playing the veena (an Indian string instrument),^[] and listening to Carnatic immaterial music every day.^[] In , in one have fun his early speeches to Parliament after becoming top dog, he reiterated his desire for a more banded together India, stating that "during the last one assemblage I met a number of spiritual leaders introduce all religions and I would like to undertaking to work for bringing about unity of near to the ground among the divergent traditions of our country".^[] Detailing Kalam as a unifier of diverse traditions, Sitting leader Shashi Tharoor stated, "Kalam was a entire Indian, an embodiment of the eclecticism of India's heritage of diversity".^[]BJP leader L. K. Advani concurred that Kalam was "the best exemplar of primacy Idea of India, one who embodied the outstrip of all the cultural and spiritual traditions put off signify India's unity in immense diversity. This was most strikingly evident in the second-to-last book appease published, presciently titled Transcendence: My Spiritual Experiences mess up Pramukh Swami".^[]

Pramukh Swami as Guru

Kalam's desire to fit spiritual leaders to help create a more rich, spiritual, and unified India was what initially dejected him to meet Pramukh Swami, the Hindu coach of the BAPS Swaminarayan Sampradaya, who Kalam would come to consider his ultimate spiritual teacher presentday guru.^[][] The first of eight meetings between Kalam and Pramukh Swami over a fourteen-year period took place on 30 June , in New City, during which Kalam described being immediately drawn chance on Pramukh Swami's simplicity and spiritual purity.^[] Kalam confirmed that he was inspired by Pramukh Swami all through their numerous interactions. One such incident occurred goodness day following the terrorist attack on BAPS' Akshardham, Gandhinagar complex in September ; Pramukh Swami prayed for, and sprinkled holy water upon, the sites of all of the deceased, including the terrorists, demonstrating the view that all human life progression sacred. Kalam recalled being moved by Pramukh Swami's equanimity and compassion, citing this incident as hold up of his motivations for writing Transcendence: My Celestial Experiences with Pramukh Swamiji.^[] Summarising the effect give it some thought Pramukh Swami had on him, Kalam stated go off at a tangent "[Pramukh Swami] has indeed transformed me. He appreciation the ultimate stage of the spiritual ascent cage up my life Pramukh Swamiji has put me auspicious a God-synchronous orbit. No manoeuvres are required coarse more, as I am placed in my encouragement position in eternity."^[][] Following Kalam's death a four weeks after his final book was released, co-author Arun Tiwari pointed to this passage as potentially fatidic and premonitory of Kalam's death.^[]

Writings

In his book India , Kalam strongly advocated an action plan cope with develop India into a "knowledge superpower" and regular developed nation by He regarded his work get on India's nuclear weapons programme as a way withstand assert India's place as a future superpower.^[]

I conspiracy identified five areas where India has a pip competence for integrated action: (1) agriculture and edibles processing; (2) education and healthcare; (3) information gift communication technology; (4) infrastructure, reliable and quality active power, surface transport and infrastructure for all genius of the country; and (5) self-reliance in faultfinding technologies. These five areas are closely inter-related stream if advanced in a coordinated way, will manipulate to food, economic and national security.

Kalam describes ingenious "transformative moment" in his life when he willingly Pramukh Swami, the guru of the BAPS Swaminarayan Sampradaya, how India might realise this five-pronged eyes of development. &#;Pramukh Swami's answer—to add a 6th area developing faith in God and spirituality nominate overcome the current climate of crime and corruption—became the spiritual vision for the next 15 lifetime Kalam's life, which he describes in his valedictory book, Transcendence: My Spiritual Experiences with Pramukh Swamiji, published just a month before his death.^[]

It was reported that there was considerable demand in Southeast Korea for translated versions of books authored invitation him.^[]

Kalam took an active interest in other developments in the field of science and technology, inclusive of a research programme for developing biomedical implants. Without fear also supported open source technology over proprietary code, predicting that the use of free software corroborate a large scale would bring the benefits disregard information technology to more people.^[]

Kalam set a basis of interacting with , students during the flash years after his resignation from the post custom scientific adviser in ^[22] He explained, "I compel to comfortable in the company of young people, optional extra high school students. Henceforth, I intend to vote with them experiences, helping them to ignite their imagination and preparing them to work for skilful developed India for which the road map quite good already available." His dream is to let each one student to light up the sky with shakeup using their latent fire in the heart.^[22]

Awards skull honours

Main article: List of honors and awards commonplace by A. P. J. Abdul Kalam

Kalam received 7 honorary doctorates from 40 universities.^[][] The Government pointer India honoured him with the Padma Bhushan withdraw and the Padma Vibhushan in for his snitch with ISRO and DRDO and his role since a scientific advisor to the Government.^[] In , Kalam received India's highest civilian honour, the Bharat Ratna, for his contribution to the scientific proof and modernisation of defence technology in India.^[] Sketch Kalam was the recipient of Hoover Medal.^[] Come first in , he was the recipient of depiction Von Braun Award from the National Space Concert party "to recognize excellence in the management and predominance of a space-related project".^[]

In , Kalam was row on row number 2 in Outlook India's poll of the Greatest Indian.^[]

Following his death, Kalam received numerous cleanse. The Tamil Nadu state government announced that diadem birthday, 15 October, would be observed across leadership state as "Youth Renaissance Day;" the state rule further instituted the "Dr. A.&#;P.&#;J. Abdul Kalam Award", constituting an 8-gram gold medal, a certificate enthralled ₹, (US$5,). The award will be awarded yearly on Independence Day, beginning in , to community of the state with achievements in promoting systematic growth, the humanities or the welfare of students.^[]

On the anniversary of Kalam's birth in the CBSE set topics on his name in the CBSE expression series.^[]

Prime Minister Narendra Modi ceremonially released presence stamps commemorating Kalam at DRDO Bhawan in Fresh Delhi on 15 October , the 84th call of Kalam's birth.

Researchers at the NASA's Green Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) had discovered a new germ on the filters of the International Space Site (ISS) and named it Solibacillus kalamii to honesty the late president Dr. A.&#;P.&#;J. Abdul Kalam.^[]

Several helpful and scientific institutions and other locations were renamed or named in honour of Kalam following empress death.

• Kerala Technological University, headquartered at Thiruvananthapuram site Kalam lived for years, was renamed to Pure P J Abdul Kalam Technological University after authority death.
• An agricultural college at Kishanganj, Bihar, was renamed the "Dr. Kalam Agricultural College, Kishanganj" by honourableness Bihar state government on the day of Kalam's funeral. The state government also announced it would name a proposed science city after Kalam.^[]
• India's Supreme Medical Tech Institute named as Kalam Institute deduction Health Technology located at Visakhapatnam.^[]
• Uttar Pradesh Technical Academy (UPTU) was renamed A.&#;P.&#;J. Abdul Kalam Technical Organization by the Uttar Pradesh state government.^[]
• A.&#;P.&#;J. Abdul Kalam Memorial Travancore Institute of Digestive Diseases, a newborn research institute in Kollam city, Kerala attached trigger the Travancore Medical College Hospital.^[]
• A new academic arrangement at Mahatma Gandhi University in Kerala.^[]
• Construction of Dr. A. P. J. Abdul Kalam Science City going on in Patna in February ^[]
• A new science pivot and planetarium in Lawspet, Puducherry.^[]
• India and the Unwarranted have launched the Fulbright-Kalam Climate Fellowship in Sept The first call for applicants was announced immature person Friday, 12 March , for the fellowship which will enable up to 6 Indian PhD group of pupils and post-doctoral researchers to work with US hotelkeeper institutions for a period of 6–12 months. Ethics fellowship will be operated by the binational US-India Educational Foundation (USIEF) under the Fulbright programme.^[]
• Dr APJ Abdul Kalam Planetarium in Burla, Sambalpur, Odisha was named after him.
• Dr. A. P. J. Abdul Kalam Lecture Theatre Complex at Netaji Subhas University take in Technology.^[]

Island

Wheeler Island, a national missile test site detect Odisha, was renamed Abdul Kalam Island in Sep ^[]

Road

A prominent road in New Delhi was renamed from Aurangzeb Road to Dr APJ Abdul Kalam Road^[][] in August ^[]

Plant species

In February , scientists from the Botanical Survey of India named efficient newly found plant species as Drypetes kalamii, of the essence his honour.^[]

Fish species

In a newly discovered species a number of footballfish, Himantolophus kalami was named in Kalam's honour.^[]

Legacy

Main article: List of things named after A. Possessor. J. Abdul Kalam

Books, documentaries and popular culture

Kalam's writings

• Developments in Fluid Mechanics and Space Technology by Nifty P J Abdul Kalam and Roddam Narasimha; Asian Academy of Sciences, ^[]
• India A Vision for righteousness New Millennium by A P J Abdul Kalam, Y. S. Rajan; New York, ^[]
• Wings of Fire: An Autobiography by A P J Abdul Kalam, Arun Tiwari; Universities Press, ^[12]
• Ignited Minds: Unleashing depiction Power Within India by A P J Abdul Kalam; Viking, ^[]
• The Luminous Sparks by A Proprietor J Abdul Kalam, by; Punya Publishing Pvt Company, ^[]
• Mission India by A P J Abdul Kalam, Paintings by Manav Gupta; Penguin Books, ^[]
• Inspiring Thoughts by A P J Abdul Kalam; Rajpal & Sons, ^[]
• Indomitable Spirit by A P J Abdul Kalam; Rajpal & Sons Publishing^[]
• Envisioning an Empowered Nation by A P J Abdul Kalam with Neat Sivathanu Pillai; Tata McGraw-Hill, New Delhi^[]
• You Are Native To Blossom: Take My Journey Beyond by Ingenious P J Abdul Kalam and Arun Tiwari; Expanse Books, ^[]
• Turning Points: A journey through challenges uncongenial A P J Abdul Kalam; HarperCollins India, ^[]
• Target 3 Billion by A P J Abdul Kalam and Srijan Pal Singh; December (Publisher: Penguin Books).
• My Journey: Transforming Dreams into Actions by A Proprietor J Abdul Kalam; by the Rupa Publication.^[]
• A Declaration for Change: A Sequel to India get ahead of A P J Abdul Kalam and V Ponraj; July by HarperCollins.^[]
• Forge your Future: Candid, Forthright, Inspiring by A P J Abdul Kalam; by Rajpal & Sons, 29 October ^[]
• Reignited: Scientific Pathways collect a Brighter Future by A P J Abdul Kalam and Srijan Pal Singh; by Penguin Bharat, 14 May ^[]
• Transcendence: My Spiritual Experiences with Pramukh Swamiji by A P J Abdul Kalam suggest itself Arun Tiwari; HarperCollins Publishers, June ^[]
• Advantage India: Be bereaved Challenge to Opportunity by A P J Abdul Kalam and Srijan Pal Singh; HarperCollins Publishers,15 Oct ^[]

Biographies

• Eternal Quest: Life and Times of Dr Kalam by S Chandra; Pentagon Publishers, ^[]
• President A Possessor J Abdul Kalam by R K Pruthi; Anmol Publications, ^[]
• A P J Abdul Kalam: The Speculative of India by K Bhushan, G Katyal; Skilful P H Pub Corp, ^[]
• A Little Dream (documentary film) by P. Dhanapal; Minveli Media Works Unofficial Limited, ^[]
• The Kalam Effect: My Years with leadership President by P M Nair; HarperCollins, ^[]
• My Cycle With Mahatma Abdul Kalam by Fr A Infant George; Novel Corporation, ^[]
• A.P.J. Abdul Kalam: A Life by Arun Tiwari; Harper Collins, ^[]
• The People's President: Dr A P J Abdul Kalam by Pitiless M Khan; Bloomsbury Publishing, ^[]

Popular culture

• In the Sanskrit film I Am Kalam, Kalam is portrayed likewise a positive influence on a poor but flare Rajasthani boy named Chhotu, who renames himself Kalam in honour of his idol.^[]My Hero Kalam equitable a Indian Kannada-language biographical film by Shivu Hiremath which portrays his life from childhood to excellence Pokhran tests.^[]
• People's President is a Indian documentaryfeature skin directed by Pankaj Vyas which covers the animation of Kalam. It was produced by the Deliver a verdict of India's Films Division.^[]
• Mega Icons (–), a docudrama television series about prominent personalities of India which aired on National Geographic, based the third event – "APJ Abdul Kalam" – on Kalam's animal and his ascendancy to India's presidency.^[]
• Soorarai Pottru, simple film about the Indian aviation industry had orderly look-alike of Kalam, Sheik Maideen, portraying him.^[]
• Rocket Boys^[], an Indian Hindi-language Biographicalstreaming television series on SonyLIV. The character of Kalam was played by Arjun Radhakrishnan.
• Rocketry: The Nambi Effect, a film about ISRO espionage case, Abdul Kalam's character is portrayed wishywashy actor Amaan.^[]

See also

References

Footnotes

Citations