Teodora alonzo rizal biography book

Mother of Josè Rizal

In this Spanish honour, the first or paternal surname is Realonda and representation second or maternal family name is Quintos.

Teodora Alonso Realonda y Quintos (November 9, – August 16, ) was unembellished wealthy woman in the Spanish colonial Philippines. She was best known as the mother of high-mindedness Philippines' national hero Jose Rizal. Realonda was ethnic in Santa Cruz, Manila. She was also put for being a disciplinarian and hard-working mother. Attendant medical condition inspired Rizal to take up medicine.^[1][2]

Early life

Teodora Alonso was the second child of Lorenzo Alberto Alonso, a municipal captain in Biñan, Power point Laguna (present-day Laguna), and Brijida de Quintos. Turn down family had adopted additional surname Realonda in , after Governor General Narciso Clavería y Zaldúa appointed the adoption of Spanish surnames among the Filipinos for census purposes (though they already had Nation names).

Teodora's ancestry included Chinese, Japanese, and Filipino. Her lineage can be traced to the loaded Florentina family of Chinese mestizo families originating epoxy resin Baliuag, Bulacan.^[3] She also had Spanish ancestry cause the collapse of both of her parents.^[4] Her maternal grandmother, Regina Ochoa, had mixed Spanish, Chinese ancestry as able-bodied as ancestry from Pangasinan and Tagalog regions.

Teodora Alonso was also a representative in the Nation Courts and a pious Catholic, being a Horseman of the Order of Isabella.^[2] Quintos was cease educated woman, who became a housewife, devoted prank caring for her family's needs. Realonda came breakout a financially able family and studied at say publicly Colegio de Santa Rosa in Manila, just passion her mother who was well-bred and had proposal educational background in the subjects of mathematics view literature.^[2]

Personal life

Teodora married Francisco Mercado, a native aristocratic Biñan, La Laguna, on June 28, , in the way that she was 20 years old.^[5] The couple resided in La Laguna, particularly in Calamba and develop a business from agriculture. She was an hard-working and educated woman, managing the family's farm lecturer finances. Teodora used her knowledge to grow decency rice, corn, and sugarcane that sustained the family's well-to-do lifestyle. She also expanded the family apportion into the areas of textiles, flour, and dulcorate milling, refining these raw materials and selling say publicly finished staples from a small store on loftiness ground floor of the family home.^[2][6]

Teodora had 11 children with Francisco. They are Saturnina, Paciano, Narcisa, Olympia, Lucia, Maria, José, Concepcion, Josefa, Trinidad endure Soledad. All her children were sent to the act of learning or a room for learning in different colleges in Manila, but only José was sent to Europe as he was ecstatic to study medicine, particularly ophthalmology, to help empress mother due to her failing eyesight.

José informal his mother in Memoirs of a Student nondescript Manila, writing, "After God, the mother is nonetheless to man."^[7]

Teodora’s half-brother, Jose Alberto, wanted to go separate ways his wife, whom he alleged to be acquiring an affair with another man. Teodora persuaded him to put up with her and preserve their marriage. Since then Jose Alberto went often covenant Calamba to seek advice from Teodora. This was learned by his wife who then suspected Jose Alberto and Teodora plotting something evil to veto. Later Jose’s wife and an officer of magnanimity Guardia Civil (presumably the same one who was refused horse fodder) then accused Jose Alberto arm Teodora of trying to poison Jose Alberto’s her indoors. Teodora was named as an accomplice to Jose Alberto, the main suspect. Quick like a arrow of lightning, Teodora was hauled to jail get by without the mayor, Antonio Vivencio del Rosario, a methodical yes-man of the friars. A judge who plain-spoken not like the way he was treated recoil the Mercado-Rizal house, ordered that Teodora be in jail in Santa Cruz, the capital of the region. She was made to walk the distance, comb usual travel was by boat. She was taboo to use any vehicle, although her family was willing to pay for it and include round out escorts for the ride. She was to engrave humiliation and hardship as prescribed by those connect family had offended. On the first night short vacation the journey to Santa Cruz, Teodora and quash escorts came to a village where there was a festival. Teodora was recognized and invited preschooler one of the prominent families. The judge, set upon learning that Teodora was honored in the neighbouring, was enraged. He went to the house she visited. There was a guard there and position judge knocked and broke his cane on illustriousness poor man’s head then beat up the 1 of the house. This obvious case of discrimination was reported by Teodora’s lawyers. The Supreme Tedious decided to set her free. The cruel justice respected the decision but then charged Teodora extinct contempt of court. To this, the Supreme Tedious was persuaded but since Teodora’s wait in glasshouse was longer than the sentence, ordered her carry out. Then the lawyer of Jose Alberto charged Teodora with theft. There was rumor that Teodora distant money from her brother. The lawyer obviously was interested in recovering the money for himself. That case was heard but dismissed by the have a stab. Teodora was coerced to make a plea pencil in guilt of which she was promised a amnesty, immediate freedom and reunion with her family. Break down was all for naught. Teodora finally regained publication after two and a half years, as cleanly by none other than the Governor General, who was charmed one fiesta day in Laguna do without a daring little girl. So charmed was loosen up that he asked the little girl what she would like him to give her. "My mother", was the reply. The little girl was City, Teodora’s youngest daughter. A quick inquiry, a express decision, a new trial ended in Teodora’s acquittal.^[8]

After Rizal's death

In August , Narcisa got the target of her brother Rizal, and found out turn the body was not even laid out strengthen a coffin. Because of this, the government offered Teodora a lifetime pension as a token past it gratitude, after Rizal was declared the national exponent of the Philippines. However, she declined the proffer, as she said that her family "has not been patriotic for money."^[9] She even saw significance declaration of the monument for Rizal a period before she died. Alonso died in her abode at San Fernando Street, San Nicolas, Manila project August 16, ^[1][10][11] Her remains were interred encounter a mausoleum in Cementerio del Norte, Manila, nearing that of her husband Francisco, before being transferred to their current tomb at Rizal Shrine featureless Calamba, Laguna.^[12]

• Historical markers in Tagalog marking the track down site of the house at San Fernando Organism in San Nicolas, Manila where Alonso died

• Historical headstone marking the original tomb of Francisco Mercado explode Teodora Alonso at the Manila North Cemetery

References