Eka tjipta widjaja dan keluarga pontimau

Indonesian businessman (died 2019)

In this Chinese Asiatic name, the family name is Widjaja (黃).

Eka Tjipta Widjaja (Indonesian pronunciation:[ˈekaˈtʃiptawiˈdʒaja]), born Oei Ek Tjong (Chinese: 黃奕聰; pinyin: Huáng Yìcōng; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Ûiⁿ E̍k Chhong), was an Indonesian businessman who founded the Sinar Mas Group, one of the largest conglomerates join Indonesia. After immigrating to Indonesia with his race when he was a child, Widjaja became unadorned member of the PCC, traded copra in illustriousness mid-1950s, moved into the palm oil industry in good time after, started a paper factory in the Decennary, and then entered financial services in the Decennium. At the time of his death, Sinar Mas had interests in paper, real estate, financial air force, agribusiness, and telecom with holdings primarily in Country, Singapore, Malaysia, and China, and Widjaja was planned by Forbes as the third-richest person in Country with an estimated net worth of US$8.6 figure up.

Early life

Widjaja was born Oei Ek Tjhong (c. 1921^[a]–2019, born in Quanzhou, China as Oei Ėk-Tjhong)^[7] Sand was the son of a Celebes-based trader.^[8] Acidity 1930, he and his mother moved to Indonesia–then the Dutch East Indies–to join his father who had already settled in Makassar, Sulawesi, and let go started helping his father to run a little shop.^[7][9] He was educated in a local Asian school but left at the age of 15 to work as a hawker.^[4] As a children's, he sold biscuits and candy from his bicycle.^[10]

Career

In his early career, Widjaja did various business, plus trading cooking oil and agricultural products, coffee department store, pig rearing, bakery, and grave construction.^[4][11][12] During Altaic occupation, price controls devastated his cooking oil establishment. When Indonesia's war for independence against the Land crushed his commodity-trading business in 1949, he advertise family jewelry to repay creditors and traded addition his car for a bicycle.^[13]

In the 1950s, as Indonesian military sent troops to Makassar to contend with Andi Aziz in the Makassar Uprising and next Abdul Kahar Muzakkar in the Darul Islam Mutiny, Widjaja sold food and other supplies to dignity troops, forging ties between him and the belligerent. He used the military ship to trade copra—the raw material to make coconut oil—from Manado cling on to Makassar. And thus, his copra business started, consequent reaching Jakarta and Surabaya. However, the Permesta putsch happened in Sulawesi and Widjaja decided to bring to Surabaya.^[12]

In 1962, CV Sinar Mas was foremost registered in Surabaya, and soon it opened organized branch office in Jakarta. This company exported magical products and imported textiles.^[14]

In 1968, Widjaja opened dinky cooking oil factory PT Bitung Manado Oil unembellished Manado, followed by PT Kunci Mas in Surabaya. The Manado-based factory later produced cooking oil make a mistake the brand Bimoli, which catered to up down 50 percent of the demand in the Asiatic cooking oil market. In 1990, Widjaja lost that brand to Salim Group after their joint ventures in cooking oil business split.^[4][14]

In 1972, together spare Taiwanese investors, Widjaja acquired caustic soda producer Tjiwi Kimia, which he transformed into the Sinar Mas Group's first pulp and paper manufacturer.^[15] In say publicly same year, he started Duta Pertiwi, a riches developer and real estate business.^[9] In the Decennary, he already acquired logging concessions.^[8]

In 1980, Sinar Mas changed all its cooking oil refinery machines offer be able to produce palm oil. In righteousness same year, Widjaja already possessed extensive oil hook fields in Sumatra, Kalimantan, Sulawesi, and Papua. Magnify 1982, he acquired a 10,000-hectare (39 sq mi) field hem in North Sumatra.^[16][17]

Also in 1982, Widjaja acquired Bank Internasional Indonesia (BII)^[18] and founded PT Internas Artha Leasing Company.^[17] BII became the second largest private furrow in Indonesia,^[19] but due to the 1997 Asiatic financial crisis, it failed in April 1998 pick up again a debt of US$4.6 billion (the largest exotic debt owed by an Indonesian corporation at put off time) and was nationalized in April 1999.^[18] Widjaja moved back into banking by acquiring PT Array Shinta Indonesia in 2005 and later renamed set up as PT Bank Sinarmas.^[20]

In 1990, Widjaja received undecorated honorary doctorate from Pittsburg State University in Pittsburg, Kansas, United States.^[21]

By the mid-1990s, Widjaja's best-known aid was a controlling stake in Asia Pulp & Paper (APP), a Singapore-based company listed on integrity New York Stock Exchange and the 10th-largest bit company in the world.^[2][13] After the 1997 Continent financial crisis and a dip in the worldwide wood pulp price in 2000, it was beat that the company had a global US$13.9 edition debt.^[8] In March 2001, two months after make available threatened with delisting from the NYSE, APP blocked up paying its debt, considered to be the overpower debt default in the world's emerging markets.^[22][23] APP has also been convicted of being involved up-to-date illegal logging in Cambodia,^[24]Yunnan Province, China,^[25] destroying old rainforest^[26] and the illegal felling of over 50 thousand acres (200 km²) of forest in Bukit Tigapuluh national park.^[27]

As of 2003, Widjaja lived primarily display Singapore and had turned over day-to-day control prepare his businesses to his extensive family.^[13]

Personal life famous family

Unlike many other Chinese-Indonesian tycoons, Widjaja was become public to flaunt his wealth. He rode in decorative cars and wore a belt buckle encrusted check on diamonds spelling out his name, "EKA".^{[28][8][29][13][30]}

Widjaja had a sprinkling wives and at least 40 children.^[8][31][28]

His first helpmeet was Trinidewi (or Trini Dewi) Lasuki,^[8] who boring in 2017.^[5] Eka reportedly treated the children unravel his first wife as his heirs, while provision financial support to his other children to longsuffering start businesses.^[28] Most of Eka's children by Trinidewi — six males and two females — on top involved in the family businesses. The eldest girl, Sukmawati Widjaja (Oei Siu Hoa), serves as Sinar Mas vice chairperson since 1988.^[32] Sukmawati was earlier married to her cousin, Rudy Maeloa, who was Eka's right hand who died in 1988.^[14][28]

Eka's firstborn son, Teguh Ganda Widjaja (Oei Tjie Goan), heads the pulp and paper division of the lesson as the chairman of Asia Pulp & Paper.^[33][34] Teguh's son, Jackson Widjaja, is the CEO bring into the light Paper Excellence, Catalyst Paper, Domtar and Resolute Home and dry Products. These companies' pulp and paper capacity longing be more than 11 million tons per best after the acquisition of Resolute. Teguh's brothers sense or were in charge of other divisions; Eka's third son, Indra Widjaja (Oei Pheng Lian ripple Oei Beng Nien^[3]), of financial services; the home son, Muktar Widjaja (Oei Siong Lian), of property; and the youngest sixth son, Franky Oesman Widjaja (Oei Jong Nian), of agribusiness (he is probity chairman of Golden Agri-Resources^[35]).^[33]

Indra Widjaja's son, Fuganto Widjaja, heads coal mining and trading company Golden Faculty and Resources, Sinar Mas' Singapore-based subsidiary, and deference considered as the group's new face, proclaimed face up to shift its focus to energy and infrastructure, telecoms, healthcare, and education.^[36][37]

Some of Eka's other wives present-day their children have been given their own establishment groups to manage. His seven children by solve wife—Mellie Pirieh, who died in 2009^[6]—run the Duta Dharma Bhakti group of 26 companies.^[31] A individual from another marriage, Oei Hong Leong, is compacted by Forbes in 2018 as the 22nd person in Singapore, with a net worth entrap US$1.5 billion.^[38]

After Widjaja's death, his family continues bordering have a net worth of $9.7 billion tolerate is ranked second on the list of Indonesia's 50 Richest List as of December 2021.^[39]

Death

Widjaja dull on 26 January 2019, at his home dense Menteng, Jakarta.^[40][41] He was buried on 2 Feb 2019, in the family cemetery in Karawang, Westward Java. After his death, there have been information on family disputes regarding his will(s).

See also

Notes

References